FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. Period: Current week

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

Housing credit includes housing loans outstanding to persons by banks, permanentbuilding societies, credit unions, money market corporations and finance companies. Lending and credit to the private non-finance sector (including public trading enterprises) or, where stated, the government sector, by those financial intermediaries whose liabilities are included in broad money.

Private Sector Credit measures the change in the total value of new credit issued to consumers and businesses.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

The Composite PMI Index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the both sectors. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

China Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) provides an early indication each month of economic activities in the Chinese manufacturing sector.It is compiled by China Federation of Logistics & Purchasing (CFLP) and China Logistics Information Centre (CLIC), based on data collected by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).Li & Fung Research Centre is responsible for drafting and disseminating the English PMI report. Every month questionnaires are sent to over 700 manufacturing enterprises all over China. The data presented here is compiled from the enterprises responses about their purchasing activities and supply situations. The PMI should be compared to other economic data sources when used in decision-making. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

China Non-Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) provides an early indication each month of economic activities in the Chinese Non-manufacturing sector.It is compiled by China Federation of Logistics & Purchasing (CFLP) and China Logistics Information Centre (CLIC), based on data collected by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).Li & Fung Research Centre is responsible for drafting and disseminating the English PMI report. Every month questionnaires are sent to over 700 Non-manufacturing enterprises all over China. The data presented here is compiled from the enterprises responses about their purchasing activities and supply situations. The PMI should be compared to other economic data sources when used in decision-making. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

The Chinese HSBC Manufacturing PMI is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. When the PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy.

Flash figures are released approximately 6 business days prior to the end of the month. Final figures overwrite the flash figures upon release and are in turn overwritten as the next Flash is available.

The Chinese HSBC Manufacturing PMI is concluded from a monthly survey of about 430 purchasing managers which asks respondents to rate the relative level of business conditions including employment, production, new orders, prices, supplier deliveries, and inventories.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

Bank Lending measures the change in the total value of outstanding bank loans issued to consumers and businesses. Borrowing and spending are closely correlated with consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD.

A statistical measurement and economic indicator of the overall health of the economy as determined by consumer opinion. Consumer sentiment takes into accountan individual's feelings toward his or her own current financial health, the health of the economy in the short term and the prospects for longer term economic growth.

The terms M1, M2, M3 refer to the monetary aggregates. Monetary Aggregate or money supply is the quantity of money available within the economy to purchase goods, services, and securities. M1: Technically defined this is the sum of: the tender that is held outside banks, travelers checks, checking accounts (but not demand deposits), minus the amount of money in the Federal Reserve float. M2: The sum of: M1, savings deposits (this would include money market accounts from which no checks can be written), small denomination time deposits, retirement accounts. M3: M2 plus long-term deposits held by the domestic private sector. The monetary aggregates have been revised to include promissory notes. The monetary aggregates have always included negotiable certificates of deposit but excluded promissory notes, earlier on.

Credit extended by a country's central bank to domestic borrowers, including the government and commercial banks. An increase in domestic credit tends to increase the stock of money and, ceteris paribus, leads to an outflow of international reserves thereby, in the long run, decreasing the money stock. Total of investments, bills discounted, instalment sale credit, leasing finance, mortagage advances and other loans and advances.

Money Supply is the aggregate amount of monetary assets available in a country at a specific time. According to the Financial Times, Money Supply M0 and M1, also known as narrow money, includes coins and notes in circulation and other assets that are easily convertible into cash. Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks. Money Supply M3 includes M2 plus longer-term time deposits. A higher than expected number should be taken as negative to the MYR while a higher than expected number as negative.

Foreign trade statistics include imports, imports with waiver and exports. Import figures include all direct imports to the country for domestic consumption also goods entering the customs area for temporary admission transit transhipment or to be stored in a bonded warehouse and then offered to the domestic market after modification of their import status Exports include goods produced domestically. Foreign trade statistics exclude export and import data obtained from duty-free zones and duty-free shops. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

Foreign trade statistics include imports, imports with waiver and exports. Import figures include all direct imports to the country for domestic consumption also goods entering the customs area for temporary admission transit transhipment or to be stored in a bonded warehouse and then offered to the domestic market after modification of their import status Exports include goods produced domestically. Foreign trade statistics exclude export and import data obtained from duty-free zones and duty-free shops. Items not considered as exports include; -Border and coastal trade -Transit and re-export trade -Exports with waiver -Temporary exports, -Goods returned to their place of origin and -Exports of imports with waiver by temporary admission or by temporary exemption.

The official reserve assets are assets denominated in foreign currency, readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, intervening in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). They present a very comprehensive picture on a monthly basis of stocks at market price, transactions, foreign exchange and market revaluations and other changes in volume.

The M3 Money Supply is an economic calendar event for Hong Kong that comprises a broader measure of money supply in the nation's economy. It takes into account several financial assets, such as cash, checking deposits, and easily converted near money, to determine the amount of money available for transactions and investment purposes.

This indicator is essential for economists, investors, and policymakers as it provides insights into the overall liquidity and potential inflationary pressures within the Hong Kong economy. The growth or contraction of the M3 Money Supply often affects the financial market, interest rates, and exchange rates by giving clues about the monetary policy trends set by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority.

A higher than expected M3 Money Supply growth rate is usually considered positive for the currency, as it suggests increased economic activity and rising inflationary pressures. On the other hand, a lower than expected growth rate can signal a slowdown in economic activity and reduced inflationary pressures, which may negatively impact the currency value.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PLN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PLN.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

The accounts compiled by the Pay and Accounts Offices are consolidated on a monthly basis in the Principal Accounts Offices at the Ministry's headquarters. The consolidated accounts of the Ministry are rendered to the Controller Generalof Accounts. The accounts received from various Ministries are consolidated in the office of the Controller General of Accounts to generate the accounts of theGovernment of India as a whole.

Retail sales data represents total consumer purchase from retail stores. It provides valuable information about consumer spending which makes up the consumption part of GDP. Rising retail sales indicate stronger economic growth. However, if the increase is larger than forecast, it may be inflationary. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumers Price Index (CPI) measures the rate of price change of goods and services purchased by households. It measures changes in the average level of prices over a period of time. In other words, prices indicator of what is happening to prices consumers are paying for items purchased. With a given starting point or base period which is usually taken as 100, the CPI can be used to compare current period consumer prices with those in the base period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

A measure that examines the weighted average of prices of a basket of consumer goods and services, such as transportation, food and medical care. The CPI is calculated by taking price changes for each item in the predetermined basket of goods and averaging them; the goods are weighted according to their importance. Changes in CPI are used to assess price changes associated with the cost of living.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The RBI Monetary and Credit Information Review is a comprehensive report published by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) providing insights into the country's monetary and credit developments.

It typically covers key aspects of the Indian economy, such as money supply, interest rates, inflation, credit growth, and the performance of various banking and financial sector institutions. The review serves as an important indicator of the overall health and stability of the Indian financial sector, helping policymakers, economists, investors, and the public understand the current state and future trends of the economy.

As the central bank of India, the RBI is responsible for maintaining financial stability, controlling inflation, and ensuring adequate credit growth for sustainable economic development. This regular review of monetary and credit conditions helps the RBI in formulating and implementing effective monetary policies, which in turn, play a vital role in shaping the economic landscape of the nation.

The figure measures the Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's cooper production. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CLP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CLP.

Manufacturing Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CLP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CLP.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are,in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight. Monthly import and export figures are unaudited figures obtained from declarations made by importers and exporters of goods. The Customs and Excise Act allows for revisions by importers and exporters for a period up to two years retrospectively. It is not possible to see exactly for what month a particular revision has been made. Revisions are only made to the cumulative figures. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

The portion of a country's debt that was borrowed from foreign lenders including commercial banks, governments or international financial institutions. A lower than expected number should be taken as positive to the INR, while a higher than expected number as negative.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CLP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CLP.

Fixed 30-year mortgage lending rates for 80% loan-to-value mortgage (source by MBA).

Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) Mortgage Applications measures the change in the number of new applications for mortgages backed by the MBA during the reported week.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Purchase Index includes all mortgages applications for the purchase of a single-family home. It covers the entire market, both conventional and government loans, and all products. The Purchase Index has proven to be a reliable indicator of impending home sales.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Market Index covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Refinance Index covers all mortgage applications to refinance an existing mortgage. It is the best overall gauge of mortgage refinancing activity. The Refinance Index includes conventional and government refinances, regardless of product (FRM or ARM) or coupon rate refinanced into or out of. Seasonal factors are less significant in refinances than in home sales, however holiday effects are considerable.

Consisting of official public sector foreign assets that are readily available to, and controlled by the monetary authorities, for direct financing of payment imbalances, and directly regulating the magnitude of such imbalances, through intervention in the exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate and/or for other purposes.

Continuing Jobless Claims measures the number of unemployed individuals who qualify for benefits under unemployment insurance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

Initial Jobless Claims measures the number of individuals who filed for unemployment insurance for the first time during the past week. This is the earliest U.S. economic data, but the market impact varies from week to week.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

Initial Jobless Claims measures the number of individuals who filed for unemployment insurance for the first time during the past week.

As the week to week numbers might be very volatile, the four week moving average smooths the weekly data and used for the initial jobless claims metric A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

The M3 Money Supply event is an important economic indicator for Saudi Arabia that provides insights into the nation's monetary policy and overall economic health. It measures the total amount of money available within the economy, including all forms of currency, deposits, and other financial assets that can be easily converted into cash.

This event is closely monitored by investors, policymakers, and economists to understand the trends in the nation's money supply, which can directly impact inflation rates, exchange rates, and overall economic stability. An increasing M3 Money Supply may lead to higher inflation and economic growth, while a decreasing M3 Money Supply may signal an economic slowdown or contraction.

By regularly tracking the M3 Money Supply event, stakeholders and market participants can gain valuable insights into Saudi Arabia's economic outlook and make informed decisions in their investment and policy-making strategies.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. Depending on the degree of liquidity chosen to define an asset as money, various monetary aggregates are distinguished: M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, etc. Not all of them are used by every country. Note that methodology of calculating money supply varies between countries. M2 is a monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits and small certificates of deposit. Excess money supply growth potentially can cause inflation and generate fears that the government may tighten money growth by allowing the interest rates to rise which in turn, lowers future prices. Money supply M2 represents total liquidity. It contains currency in circulation + time deposits + foreign currency denominated current deposits.

The unemployment rate represents the number of unemployed persons expressed as apercentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for a particular age/sex group is the number of unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of thelabour force for that group.

The unemployment rate represents the number of unemployed persons expressed as apercentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for a particular age/sex group is the number of unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of thelabour force for that group.

Balance of payments (BOP) is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a BOP: - current account - capital account - financial account Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance - exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure - interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfers - aid, taxes, one-way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis. BOP shows strengths & weaknesses in a country's economy & therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. Positive current account balance is when inflows from its components into the country exceed outflows of the capital leaving the country. Current account surplus may strengthen the demand for local currency. Persistent deficit may lead to a depreciation of a currency.

The EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates is an important economic calendar event that provides valuable insights into the weekly performance of refineries in the United States. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) releases this report to measure the percentage of available refining capacity that is being utilized by refineries during the specified period.

These utilization rates are critical for market participants, policymakers, and analysts as they offer a clear picture of the state of the refinery sector. Changes in refinery utilization rates may indicate shifts in the overall energy market, including the demand and supply dynamics for crude oil, gasoline, and other petroleum products. Should the rates rise, it may signal increasing demand for fuel or strong economic activity, while declining rates can be a sign of weakening demand or economic slowdown.

Investors, traders and businesses typically use this information to help them make decisions and predictions about the energy market, oil prices, and the overall performance of the economy. Hence, the EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates constitutes a highly significant economic calendar event for the United States.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid. Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The Energy Information Administration (EIA) Natural Gas Storage report measures the change in the number of cubic feet of natural gas held in underground storage during the past week.

While this is a U.S. indicator it tends to have a greater impact on the Canadian dollar, due to Canada's sizable energy sector.

If the increase in natural gas inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for natural gas prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in natural gas is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for natural gas prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The Baker Hughes rig count is an important business barometer for the oil drilling industry. When drilling rigs are active they consume products and services produced by the oil service industry. The active rig count acts as a leading indicator of demand for oil products.

The U.S. Baker Hughes Total Rig Count is an important economic event that tracks the number of active drilling rigs operating in the United States. This data is published weekly by the oilfield services company Baker Hughes and serves as a valuable tool for monitoring the health of the energy sector.

The report is a primary indicator of drilling activity in the U.S., including rigs engaged in the exploration and extraction of oil and natural gas. The rig count can provide hints about future production levels, as a higher total rig count usually indicates increased exploration and production of oil and natural gas, while lower counts often signal cutbacks.

Market participants, policymakers, and analysts closely watch the Baker Hughes Rig Count, as it can provide vital information on trends in the energy industry and have an impact on oil prices. Sudden changes in the rig count might result in price fluctuations in the energy markets, making it a crucial event for trading purposes.

SHCP = Secretaria de Hacienday Credito Publico. Public sector includes : Federal Government and organizations and companies under the direct budgetary control and indirect budgetary control.

Private Sector Loans is an economic calendar event in Saudi Arabia that reflects the financial activity and lending conditions between local banks and private businesses within the kingdom. This event provides valuable insights into the overall health of the Saudi Arabian economy and the level of confidence that businesses have in the financial system.

The data signifies the volume of loans provided to companies, businesses, and individuals in the Saudi private sector, which has a direct impact on consumption, investments, and growth initiatives that shape the nation's economy. By monitoring this event, investors, stakeholders, and policymakers can evaluate the health of the credit market and business activity in Saudi Arabia, which is crucial for understanding how the monetary policy and credit conditions affect market trends and the overall economic performance of the country.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for ""non-commercial"" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The CFTC Corn Speculative Net Positions report is an economic calendar event for the United States that provides insights into the positions held by various market participants in the corn futures market. The data is gathered and released by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The report gives an indication of the level of bullishness or bearishness among traders, as well as their sentiments towards the corn market.

The CFTC releases its Commitments of Traders (COT) report on a weekly basis, outlining the net long and short positions taken by speculators, such as hedge funds and individual traders, as well as commercial hedgers, in various commodity markets. The CFTC Corn Speculative Net Positions specifically focuses on the corn market, providing valuable information about the overall market sentiment and potential future price movements.

Investors and traders often monitor the CFTC Corn Speculative Net Positions to identify trends and potential shifts in market sentiment, as changes in net positions can signal potential price movements in corn futures. A significant increase in net long positions can indicate bullish sentiment, while a substantial increase in net short positions can signal bearish sentiment.

The CFTC Crude Oil Speculative Net Positions report is a weekly publication by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in the United States. The report provides insights into the positions held by various market participants, including commercial traders, non-commercial traders, and non-reportable traders. The data is derived from the Commitment of Traders (COT) reports and serves as an essential tool for traders to gauge market sentiment in crude oil futures.

This economic calendar event is important for traders and investors as it reveals the overall market positioning and sheds light on the potential changes in supply or demand. Changes in speculative net positions may influence the crude oil prices, either directly or indirectly, by affecting the market sentiment and the perception of future price trends.

Traders and investors typically monitor the CFTC Crude Oil Speculative Net Positions report to identify trends and potential turning points in the crude oil market. By analyzing the shifts in speculative positioning, market participants can make informed trading decisions and adjust their strategies accordingly.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The CFTC Nasdaq 100 Speculative Net Positions event is an economic indicator released weekly by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The data provides insight into the sentiment of institutional investors and speculators in the U.S. stock market, specifically focusing on the Nasdaq 100 Index.

Speculative positions, both long (buy) and short (sell), are reported based on the trading activities of hedge funds, money managers, and other speculative investors. The net position equals the difference between the long and short positions reported by the CFTC. A positive net position indicates that speculative investors are bullish and expect market prices to rise, while a negative net position signifies that they are bearish and anticipate a market decline.

Market participants use this information to gauge investor sentiment, which can help in making informed decisions in the stock market. It is important to note that the data is mainly intended to provide a snapshot of market sentiment and may not necessarily reflect future price movements of the Nasdaq 100 Index.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for ""non-commercial"" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The CFTC Soybeans Speculative Net Positions is an economic calendar event that represents the weekly data of the net positions held by speculative traders in the soybean futures market. This report, published by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), is used by market participants to gain insights into market sentiment and potential future price movements of soybeans.

Net positions are the difference between long (buy) and short (sell) positions held by speculative traders. A higher net position indicates a bullish sentiment, suggesting that traders anticipate higher prices for soybeans in the future, while a lower net position implies a bearish sentiment, signaling an expectation of falling prices. Monitoring changes in the CFTC Soybeans Speculative Net Positions can provide valuable insights into the market dynamics and potential trends for soybean prices, which are essential for businesses, investors, and traders alike.

The CFTC Wheat Speculative Net Positions report is a weekly publication by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). It provides insights into the net positions held by speculative traders, including hedge funds and large individual investors, in the wheat futures market. This data serves as a valuable indicator of the overall sentiment and potential future price movements in the wheat market.

Speculative net positions are calculated by subtracting the total number of short positions (bets on falling prices) from the total number of long positions (bets on rising prices) held by speculative traders. A positive net position reflects a bullish sentiment, while a negative net position indicates a bearish sentiment in the market.

Traders and investors use this report to gauge potential trends and price movements in the wheat futures market. Significant changes in speculative net positions can signal shifts in market sentiment and prompt corresponding reactions in wheat prices. However, it is crucial to consider other fundamental factors and technical indicators when utilizing this data to make informed trading decisions.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for ""non-commercial"" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the KRW, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the KRW, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the IDR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the IDR, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The budget of a government is a summary or plan of the intended revenues and expenditures of that government. Surplus in general refers to an excess of income over expenditure. Deficit refers to the negative of the budget surplus, thus the excess of expenditure over income.Do not include net lending (revenues including repayments and expenditure lends).

The Australian Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TWD while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TWD.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The PMI index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the VND , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the VND.

Construction industry provides information on construction output and activity. Such information gives an insight into the supply on the housing and construction market. Rising number of new construction starts or value of construction completed reflects higher consumer and business optimism. Expanding construction indicates growth in the housing market and predicts an increase in the overall economy. However, an excessive supply of new buildings may result in a drop in housing prices. The construction industry is one of the first to go into a recession when the economy declines but also to recover as conditions improve.To compute the price indices, transactions are first grouped by property type and locality. The grouping is selected on the basis of frequent transactions and similar prices ($ per sq m). The median price in each group is used to compute a sub-index. The price index of a particular property type is the weighted average of all the sub-indices of that property type in the various planning areas.

The PMI Report on Manufacturing is a monthly publication, researched & published by Markit.The survey covers industrial sectors based on Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) groups; Chemicals, Electrical, Food/Drink, Mechanical Engineering, Metals, Textiles, Timber/Paper, Transport, Other.The results are presented by question asked, showing the % of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no-change since the previous month. From these %, an index is derived such that a level of 50.0 signals no-change since the previous month. Above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or deterioration). The greater the divergence from 50.0, the greater the rate of change signaled.

The Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. The PMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for the following five indicators and their weight: New orders - 0.3, Output - 0.25 , Employment - 0.2, Suppliers delivery times - 0.15 and Stock of items purchased - 0.1 with the Delivery times index inverted so that it moves in a comparable direction. When PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy. The individual survey indexes have been seasonally adjusted using the US Bureau of Census X-11 programme. The seasonally adjusted series are then used to calculate the seasonally adjusted PMI. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

The Russian HSBC Manufacturing PMI is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. When the PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy.

Flash figures are released approximately 6 business days prior to the end of the month. Final figures overwrite the flash figures upon release and are in turn overwritten as the next Flash is available.

The HSBC Manufacturing PMI is concluded from a monthly survey of hundreds of purchasing managers, which asks respondents to rate the relative level of business conditions including employment, production, new orders, prices, supplier deliveries, and inventories.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

The Istanbul Chamber of Industry Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a key indicator of the economic health of Turkey's manufacturing sector. It is derived from monthly surveys of purchasing managers at approximately 450 manufacturing companies. A PMI reading above 50 indicates an expansion in the manufacturing sector, while a reading below 50 suggests contraction. The index offers insights into various factors including output, new orders, employment, supplier delivery times, and inventory levels.

As a forward-looking indicator, the Istanbul Chamber of Industry Manufacturing PMI can provide valuable insights into business conditions and potential future economic activity in Turkey. It is watched by investors, policymakers, and analysts to gauge the economic environment and to make informed decisions regarding investments, economic policy, and strategy.

The Nationwide House price index is a statistic designed to reflect the average change of house prices across the country . This survey is preformed by Nationwide Housing society, UK's second largest mortgage provider, Nationwide bases its index on its own mortgage approvals. Unlike Halifax, however, it covers only 10% of the mortgage market. Nationwide only takes into account owner occupied properties and houses sold at "true market prices", i.e. no council estate sales etc. Nationwide has been publishing quarterly property price reports since 1952, and monthly indices since 1993. Like the Halifax, this is a volume-weighted index of typically transacted house prices. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the GBP while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Nationwide Housing Price Index (HPI) measures the change in the selling price of homes with mortgages backed by Nationwide. It is the U.K.'s second earliest report on housing inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The unemployment rate represents the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for a particular age/sex group is the number of unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of the labour force for that group. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HUF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HUF.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

Net Forward Position= Bank of Thailand s forward obligations to buy (+) or sell;(-) foreign currency against Thai Baht A swap that involves the exchange of principal and interest in one currency for the same in another currency. It is considered to be a foreign exchange transaction and is not required by law to be shown on a company's balance sheet.

Total of a country's gold holdings and convertible foreign currencies held in its central bank. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs). A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate. International reserves = Gold Foreign exchange Special Drawing Rights Reserve position in the IMF.

Purchasing managers are asked a series of questions that measure whether business conditions have improved, deteriorated or remained unchanged from the previous month.results are calculated as diffusion indices. These are calculated as the percentage of respondents indicating an improvement, plus an addition of half the percentage of respondents indicating no change. Diffusion indices differ from percentage balances in that they do not effectively exclude the findings of those who reported no change. An index reading of 100 indicates that all informants expect an increase and a score of zero indicates that all informants expect a decrease. A score of 50 shows that informants are either equally divided between those expecting an increase and those expecting a decrease or that all respondents report no change in activity in comparison with theprevious month.

The PMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for the following five indicators, with varying judgmental weights applied: new orders - 30 percent; production - 25 percent, employment - 20 percent, supplier deliveries - 15 percent and inventories - 10 percent. Diffusion indexes are convenient summary measures showing the prevailing direction of change and the scope of change. They fluctuate from 0-100%. For any of the business survey indicators, an index reading of 50% indicates no change in the aggregate series being measured, because an equal number of committee members reported increases and decreases. An index reading above 50% indicates that the economy, or that indicator of the economy, is generally expanding and below 50%, generally declining. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HUF , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HUF.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CZK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CZK.

GDP measures summary value of goods and services generated in a relevant country or region. A region's gross domestic product, or GDP, is one of the ways for measuring the size of its economy. Expenditure approach - Total expenditures on all finished goods and services produced within the economy. Calculation: GDP using the expenditure approach is derived as the sum of all final expenditures, changes in inventories and exports of goods and services less imports of goods and services. Market influence of GDP Unexpectedly high quarterly GDP growth is perceived to be potentially inflationary if the economy is close to full capacity; this, in turn, causes bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. Where the stock market is concerned on one side higher than expected growth leads to higher profits and that's good for the stock market.

Spanish Unemployment Change measures the change in the number of unemployed people during the previous month. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR, while lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR.

The Spanish Manufacturing PMI is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. When PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy. The individual survey indexes have been seasonally adjusted using the US Bureau of Census X-11 program. The seasonally adjusted series are then used to calculate the seasonally adjusted PMI. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HKD , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HKD.

The Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

procure.ch Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CHF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CHF.

The Italian Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The French Manufacturing Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The German Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Purchasing Managers Index is a monthly survey of business conditions, using identical survey methodology in each country participating in the surveys. Markit produces the Greek Purchasing Managers Index in association with the Hellenic Purchasing Institute (HPI). Each month questionnaires are sent to a panel of 300 companies, selected to accurately reflect the structure of the manufacturing sector. Data are collected relating to: output, new orders, export orders, quantity of goods purchased, input prices, supplier delivery performance, stocks of goods purchased, stocks of finished goods and employment. Several of the above series are combined together to form a single composite indicator of the manufacturing sector - the Purchasing Managers Index.

Unemployment is the total number of all persons above a specified age, who in a short reference period were: not employed, available for work (either for paid work or for self employment) and were seeking work (were actively searching for employment or taking active steps towards self-employment).The definition for anunemployed person is: Persons (16-65 years) who were available for work (except for temporary illness) but did not work during the survey week, and who made specific efforts to find a job within the previous 4 weeks by going to an employment agency, by applying directly to an employer, by answering a job ad, or being on a union or professional register.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment during the previous quarter. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negitive/bearish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR.

The PMI measures changes in activity in Norwegian industry based on monthly surveys carried out among 300 purchasing managers in the manufacturing industry. It is the weighted average of five different subindices regarding the conditions in purchase; production, order books, stock of purchases, delivery time and workforce. A reading in excess of 50 indicates positive sentiment among a majority of respondent companies, while a figure below 50 points to negative expectations. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK.

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Private Loans measures the change in the total value of new loans issued to non financial corporations. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR,while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Private Loans measures the change in the total value of new loans issued to consumers and businesses in the private sector.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR,while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Business Confidence measures the current business conditions in Portugal. It helps to analyze the economic situation in the short term. A rising trend indicates an increase in business investment which may lead to higher levels of output. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The definition for an unemployed person is: Persons (16-65 years) who were available for work (except for temporary illness) but did not work during the survey week, and who made specific efforts to find a job within the previous 4 weeks by going to an employment agency, by applying directly to an employer, by answering a job ad, or being on a union or professional register. The percentage number is calculated unemployed / (employed + unemployed). A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The Economic Activity Index provides an early estimate for real gross domestic (GDP) performance in Chile.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CLP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CLP.

International reserves are used to settle balance of payments deficits between countries. International reserves are made up of foreign currency assets, gold, holdings of SDRs and reserve position in the IMF. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs). A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

Bank Loan Growth measures the change in the total value of outstanding bank loans issued to consumers and businesses. Borrowing and spending are closely correlated with consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

Deposit Growth is an important economic calendar event in India that reflects the percentage change in the total value of deposits held by various institutions, such as commercial banks, credit unions, and thrifts over a specific period. The growth in deposits indicates an increase in investment, potential savings, and liquidity in the market, which are crucial factors for a stable and growing economy.

Higher deposit growth often signals increased consumer confidence and a positive outlook on the economy, while slower growth may point towards a weaker economic environment or uncertainties. Policymakers, investors, and financial institutions closely monitor deposit growth rates to make informed decisions related to monetary policies and investment strategies.

The HSBC Brazil Manufacturing PMI is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questionnaires sent to purchasing executives in around 400 manufacturing companies. The panel is stratified geographically and by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) group, based on industry contribution to Brazilian GDP. Survey responses reflect the change, if any, in the current month compared to the previous month based on data collected mid-month.An index reading above 50 indicates an overall increase in that variable, below 50 an overall decrease.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company's performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD.

The Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the manufacturing sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The HSBC Manufacturing PMI is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questionnaires sent to purchasing executives in around 400 manufacturing companies. The panel is stratified geographically and by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) group, based on industry contribution to Brazilian GDP. Survey responses reflect the change, if any, in the current month compared to the previous month based on data collected mid-month.An index reading above 50 indicates an overall increase in that variable, below 50 an overall decrease.

The Construction Spending index measures the change in the total amount spent on construction. The data is subject to large revisions and as such, this report rarely has any market impact.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PEN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PEN.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in Italy. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, Italian carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising euro (EUR) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the euro exchange rate (EUR) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The indicator shows the amount of capital flows that is directed to the country by foreign investors. Capital flows are essential for developing and emerging markets. They contribute to enhancing investments and financing current account deficits. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

The Fed balance sheet is a statement listing the assets and liabilities of the Federal Reserve System. Details of the Fed's balance sheet are disclosed by the Fed in a weekly report called "Factors Affecting Reserve Balances."

Reserve Balances with Federal Reserve Banks is the amount of money that depository institutions maintain in their accounts at their regional Federal Reserve Banks.

The Manufacturing & Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) provides a comprehensive indication of the economic health of the manufacturing and services sectors in Australia. This composite index is based on data collected from company purchasing managers and is considered an essential indicator of business conditions. It reflects factors such as new orders, inventory levels, production, supplier deliveries, and employment.

The PMI is an influential economic indicator because it gives insight into the prevailing direction of both sectors and can signal the overall economic trajectory of the nation. A PMI reading above 50 typically indicates expansion, whereas a reading below 50 suggests contraction. Economists, investors, and policymakers closely monitor this report to gauge performance and make informed decisions regarding policy and investments.

The Judo Bank Services PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) measures the performance of the service sector in Australia. It is an indicator of the economic health of the sector, which is vital as it comprises a significant portion of the economy. The index is derived from monthly surveys of purchasing managers in service-based companies, covering sectors like finance, insurance, real estate, transport, and communication.

A PMI above 50 signals expansion in the service sector, while a figure below 50 indicates contraction. Investors and policymakers closely monitor this data to assess economic growth, make business decisions, and formulate monetary policy. Fluctuations in the Services PMI can have significant implications for financial markets, as it reflects consumer demand and business activity levels within the Australian economy.