FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. Period: Tomorrow

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy''s health. A stronger than expected number should be taken as positive for the AUD and a lower than expected number as negative to the AUD.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

GDP measures summary value of goods and services generated in a relevant country or region. A region's gross domestic product, or GDP, is one of the ways for measuring the size of its economy. Production approach - The sum of the value added created through the production of goods and services within the economy. Calculation: GDP using the production approach is derived as the sum of gross value added for each industry plus taxes less subsidies on products. Market influence of GDP Unexpectedly high quarterly GDP growth is perceived to be potentially inflationary if the economy is close to full capacity; this, in turn, causes bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. Where the stock market is concerned on one side higher than expected growth leads to higher profits and that's good for the stock market.

GDP measures summary value of goods and services generated in a relevant country or region. A region's gross domestic product, or GDP, is one of the ways for measuring the size of its economy. Production approach - The sum of the value added created through the production of goods and services within the economy. Calculation: GDP using the production approach is derived as the sum of gross value added for each industry plus taxes less subsidies on products. Market influence of GDP Unexpectedly high quarterly GDP growth is perceived to be potentially inflationary if the economy is close to full capacity; this, in turn, causes bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. Where the stock market is concerned on one side higher than expected growth leads to higher profits and that's good for the stock market.

GDP measures summary value of goods and services generated in a relevant country or region. A region's gross domestic product, or GDP, is one of the ways for measuring the size of its economy. Production approach - The sum of the value added created through the production of goods and services within the economy. Calculation: GDP using the production approach is derived as the sum of gross value added for each industry plus taxes less subsidies on products. Market influence of GDP Unexpectedly high quarterly GDP growth is perceived to be potentially inflationary if the economy is close to full capacity; this, in turn, causes bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. Where the stock market is concerned on one side higher than expected growth leads to higher profits and that's good for the stock market.

The au Jibun Bank Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a key indicator of the economic health of Japan's service sector. Compiled by IHS Markit and published by au Jibun Bank, this index measures the activity levels of purchasing managers in the service industry. A PMI reading above 50 signifies expansion in the sector, while a reading below 50 indicates contraction.

The index considers factors such as new business, employment, supplier delivery times, and inventories. It provides insights into various service industries, including finance, real estate, and communications, among others. Market participants watch this PMI closely as it can offer early signals about economic conditions and future GDP growth in Japan.

The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HKD while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HKD.

BOJ Governor Kazuo Ueda Apr 2023 - Mar 2028. Volatility is often experienced during his speeches as traders attempt to decipher interest rate clues. As head of the central bank, which controls short term interest rates, he has important influence over the nation's currency value. Traders scrutinize his speeches as they are often used to drop subtle clues regarding future monetary policy and interest rate shifts.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The survey covers transport & communication, financial intermediation, business services, personal services, computing & IT and hotels & restaurants. Each response received is weighted according to the size of the company to which the questionnaire refers & the contribution to total service sector output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. This therefore ensures that replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than replies from small companies.The results are presented by question asked, showing the % of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no-change since the previous month. From these %, an index is derived such that a level of 50.0 signals no-change since the previous month. Above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement),below 50.0 a decrease(or deterioration).The greater the divergence from 50.0, the greater the rate of change signaled.

The Chinese HSBC Services PMI is compiled by questionnaires sent to purchasing executives in over 400 private service sector companies. The panel has been carefully selected to accurately replicate the true structure of the services economy. The HSBC Services PMI Index is developed for providing the most up-to-date possible indication of what is really happening in the private sector economy by tracking variables such as sales, employment, inventories and prices. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

This economic calendar event refers to a scheduled public appearance or speech by the former United States President Donald Trump. During his time in office from 2017 to 2021, Trump often addressed the nation and world on various topics, including economic matters, employment rates, trade agreements, and fiscal policies.

Market participants and investors pay close attention to these speeches, as they may provide insights into the administration's policy direction or reveal market-sensitive information. Changes in economic policies or the announcement of new initiatives can significantly impact financial markets, including stock markets, bond markets, and currency markets. The content and tone of the speech may lead to short-term volatility or long-term trends in financial markets, depending on the impact on investor sentiment and the perceived implications for economic growth, inflation, and interest rates.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change over a specified period oftime in the general level of prices of goods and services that a given population acquires, uses or pays for consumption. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the THB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the THB.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD.

The Indian HSBC Services PMI is compiled by questionnaires sent to purchasing executives in around 350 private service sector companies. The panel has been carefully selected to accurately replicate the true structure of the services economy. Index and the Services Business Activity Index, and is based on original survey data collected from a representative panel of over 800 companies based in the Indian manufacturing and service sectors. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

The Russian HSBC Services PMI is compiled by questionnaires sent to purchasing executives in private service sector companies. The panel has been carefully selected to accurately replicate the true structure of the services economy. The HSBC Services PMI Index is developed for providing the most up-to-date possible indication of what is really happening in the private sector economy by tracking variables such as sales, employment, inventories and prices. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

Balance of payments is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a balance of payments: - current account - capital account - financial account Either a surplus or a deficit can be shown in any of these components. Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfers aid, taxes, one-way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis. Balance of payments shows strengths and weaknesses in a country's economy and therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. The release of a balance of payments can have a significant effect on the exchange rate of a national currency against other currencies. It is also important to investors of domestic companies that depend on exports. Positive current account balance is when inflows from its components into the country exceed outflows of the capital leaving the country. Current account surplus may strengthen the demand for local currency. Persistent deficit may lead to a depreciation of a currency.

The S&P Global Manufacturing PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is a critical economic indicator for South Africa, reflecting the performance of the manufacturing sector. This index is designed to provide a snapshot of business conditions in the manufacturing industry and is derived from a comprehensive survey of purchasing managers in manufacturing companies. It considers variables such as output, new orders, employment, supplier delivery times, and inventory levels.

A PMI value above 50 indicates expansion in the manufacturing sector, while a value below 50 suggests contraction. The PMI is monitored closely by economists, investors, and policymakers as it provides insights into economic health, business conditions, and potential future output levels. Movements in the index can also influence currency markets, as changes may affect investor confidence in the country's economic stability and growth prospects.

The Services PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is an important economic indicator that measures the overall health of the services sector in Sweden. The index is based on a survey conducted among purchasing managers in various service industries, including finance, healthcare, retail, and hospitality, among others.

A PMI reading above 50 indicates that the services sector is expanding, and a reading below 50 signifies contraction. A higher-than-expected PMI reading is generally seen as positive for the Swedish economy, as it suggests increased business activity and growth in the services sector. Conversely, a lower-than-expected PMI reading may indicate a slowdown in the sector's growth, potentially impacting employment and overall economic performance.

Investors and analysts closely watch the Services PMI announcement, as it can influence the Swedish financial market, such as currency exchange rates and stock market performance. By keeping track of this economic calendar event, market participants can gain insights into the health of the services sector and make informed decisions on their investment strategies.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CHF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CHF.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

French Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by French manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CZK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CZK.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CZK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CZK.

The Spanish Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the TWD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Composite PMI Index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the both sectors. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Italian Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of about 450 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI monthly Composite Reports on Manufacturing and Services are based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector manufacturing companies and also 300 private sector services companies. Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction). A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The French Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The PMI monthly Composite Reports on Manufacturing and Services are based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector manufacturing companies and also 300 private sector services companies. Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease.

The German Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the broadest measure of economic activity and is a key indicator of economic health. The quarterly percent changes in GDP show the growth rate of the economy as a whole.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the broadest measure of economic activity and is a key indicator of economic health. The quarterly percent changes in GDP show the growth rate of the economy as a whole.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Russian Forex Intervention is an economic event where the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) actively participates in the foreign exchange market to control the volatility and value of the Russian Ruble. The intervention is usually done by buying or selling foreign currencies, mainly the US Dollar and the Euro, to stabilize and influence the Ruble's exchange rate.

The central bank's intervention aims to maintain a specific exchange rate target or a target range to prevent excessive fluctuations that could adversely affect the country's economic stability and growth. The intervention can also help the central bank manage inflation, foreign investments, and balance of payments.

Investors and traders closely monitor Russian Forex Intervention events, as they can significantly impact the Ruble's value and create opportunities for trading and investing. An understanding of the intervention can provide valuable insight into the CBR's monetary policies and the overall economic environment in Russia.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The PMI monthly Composite Reports on Manufacturing and Services are based on surveys of over 300 business executives in private sector manufacturing companies and also 300 private sector services companies. Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs. Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

The Euro-zone Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector.

The report is based on surveys of about 600 business executives in private sector services companies.

Data is usually released on the third working day of each month. Each response is weighted according to the size of the company and its contribution to total manufacturing or services output accounted for by the sub-sector to which that company belongs.

Replies from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than those from small companies. Results are presented by question asked, showing the percentage of respondents reporting an improvement, deterioration or no change since the previous month. From these percentages, an index is derived: a level of 50.0 signals no change since the previous month, above 50.0 signals an increase (or improvement), below 50.0 a decrease (or contraction).

Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Composite PMI Index measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the both sectors. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the services sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a significant economic indicator in Ghana. It measures the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a basket of consumer goods and services, including food, transportation, and medical care.

Provided by the Ghana Statistical Service, the CPI is used to calculate inflation, which is an important aspect in assessing the economic health of Ghana. It also plays a critical role in determining the monetary policy of the country.

Changes in the CPI are closely watched by economists, investors, and policymakers as they can indicate the direction of the Ghanaian economy. A high CPI indicates high inflation, which generally signals economic instability. A low or stable CPI, on the other hand, suggests a healthy economy.

Italian Retail Sales measures the change in the total value of sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The House Price Index is a vital economic indicator released by the Norwegian Association of Real Estate Agents, showing the changes in the residential housing prices in Norway. The data reflects trends in the country's real estate market and gives valuable information to homeowners, investors, policymakers, and real estate professionals. It can significantly affect the monetary policy and interest rates.

A higher-than-expected House Price Index shows a strong demand for homes and suggests a robust economy, potentially leading to a strengthening of the Norwegian Krone. A low index indicates a weakening real estate market, possibly implying reduced consumer confidence and economic slowdown, which could negatively impact the currency. As a result, investors, analysts, and policymakers closely monitor the House Price Index to make informed decisions, assess economic health, and predict future trends.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures average changes in prices received by domestic producers for their output. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation. Usually a rise in PPI will lead in a short time to a rise in CPI and therefore to a rising interest rates and rising currency. during recession, the producers are not able to roll over the rising cost of material to the consumer, so a rise in PPI will not be rolled over to the consumer but will lower the profitablility of the producer and will deepen the recession, that will lead to a fall in local currency.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Gilt auctioned.

U.K. Treasury Gilts have maturities up to 50 years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Gilt represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Unemployment is the total number of all persons above a specified age, who in a short reference period were: not employed, available for work (either for paid work or for self employment) and were seeking work (were actively searching for employment or taking active steps towards self-employment).The Live Register is compiled from returns made directly to the Central Statistics Office by each local office of the Department of Social and Family Affairs. It comprises persons under 65 years of age in the following classes: All Claimants for Unemployment Benefit (UB) excluding systematic short-time workers Applicants for Unemployment Assistance (UA) excluding smallholders/farm assists and other self-employed persons Other registrants including applicants for credited Social Welfare contributions but excluding those directly involved in an industrial dispute.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. Depending on the degree of liquidity chosen to define an asset as money, various monetary aggregates are distinguished: M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, etc. Not all of them are used by every country. Note that methodology of calculating money supply varies between countries. M2 is a monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits and small certificates of deposit. Excess money supply growth potentially can cause inflation and generate fears that the government may tighten money growth by allowing the interest rates to rise which in turn, lowers future prices. M2 = Currency in circulation + demand deposits (private sector) + time and savings deposits (private sector).

The Private Sector Credit is an important economic indicator that measures the total outstanding credit provided by financial institutions to businesses and households in Bahrain. This reflects the overall financial health of the private sector and is a key indicator of the level of credit available in the economy. It is a valuable tool for policymakers, investors, and analysts to assess the current economic climate and determine potential growth prospects.

A rise in private sector credit shows increased confidence and growth potential, as businesses and households are taking advantage of credit facilities to invest in capital goods, expand their operations, and boost consumer spending. This growth in credit is usually a sign of a healthy and expanding economy. On the other hand, a decline in credit indicates a lack of confidence, reduced investment, and potential stagnation in the economy. Therefore, monitoring changes in private sector credit can help identify prevailing economic trends and make informed decisions regarding investments and economic policies.

Revenue is the amount of money that is brought into a company by its business activities. In the case of government, revenue is the money received from taxation, fees, fines, inter-governmental grants or transfers, securities sales,mineral rights and resource rights, as well as any sales that are made.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ARS, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ARS.

The Focus Market Report provides weekly mean market expectations for inflation over following month, 12 months, and following year as well as expectations for Selic target rate, real GDP growth, net public sector debt/GDP, industrial production growth, current account, and trade balance, collected from over 130 banks, brokers, and funds managers.

Total of a country's gold holdings and convertible foreign currencies held in its central bank. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs).A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. M3 is a broad monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits, certificates of deposit, all other deposits and repurchase agreements. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

This consists of additions to the assets of producers of tangible reproducible goods which have an expected lifetime of use of one year or more. The producers in question may be industries, producers of Government services and producers of private non-profit services to household. The capital goods may be purchased or produced on own account. Sales less purchases of second-hand fixed assets and sales of scrapped fixed assets by producers should be deducted from gross fixed capital formation. Gross Capital formation consists of; Gross Fixed Capital Formation= Aquisition less disposals of fixed assets + Improvements to land AND Inventories=Finished Goods, Materials/Fuel, Work in Progress AND Valuables= Goods of value not used in consumption or production

This consists of additions to the assets of producers of tangible reproducible goods which have an expected lifetime of use of one year or more. The producers in question may be industries, producers of Government services and producers of private non-profit services to household. The capital goods may be purchased or produced on own account. Sales less purchases of second-hand fixed assets and sales of scrapped fixed assets by producers should be deducted from gross fixed capital formation. Gross Capital formation consists of; Gross Fixed Capital Formation= Aquisition less disposals of fixed assets + Improvements to land AND Inventories=Finished Goods, Materials/Fuel, Work in Progress AND Valuables= Goods of value not used in consumption or production

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures average changes in prices received by domestic producers for their output. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation. Usually a rise in PPI will lead in a short time to a rise in CPI and therefore to a rising interest rates and rising currency. during recession, the producers are not able to roll over the rising cost of material to the consumer, so a rise in PPI will not be rolled over to the consumer but will lower the profitablility of the producer and will deepen the recession, that will lead to a fall in local currency.

Fixed 30-year mortgage lending rates for 80% loan-to-value mortgage (source by MBA).

Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) Mortgage Applications measures the change in the number of new applications for mortgages backed by the MBA during the reported week.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Purchase Index includes all mortgages applications for the purchase of a single-family home. It covers the entire market, both conventional and government loans, and all products. The Purchase Index has proven to be a reliable indicator of impending home sales.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Market Index covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Refinance Index covers all mortgage applications to refinance an existing mortgage. It is the best overall gauge of mortgage refinancing activity. The Refinance Index includes conventional and government refinances, regardless of product (FRM or ARM) or coupon rate refinanced into or out of. Seasonal factors are less significant in refinances than in home sales, however holiday effects are considerable.

The S&P Global Composite Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a leading economic indicator that measures the overall business climate in Brazil. It is derived from a survey of top-level executives in both manufacturing and service sectors. The most crucial aspect of this index is the confidence that executives have in the future of their industries.

A PMI reading above 50 indicates that economic activity and overall business conditions are expanding, while a reading below 50 suggests a contraction. This index is widely regarded as a reliable indicator of future economic activity and performance because it takes into account the high-level perspectives of key decision-makers operating at the forefront of Brazil's economy.

Investors and economists closely monitor the S&P Global Composite PMI for insights into emerging trends and potential shifts in Brazil's economic landscape. This data can influence market sentiment, investment decisions, and monetary policy.

The Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) is a composite indicator designed to provide an overall view of activity in the manufacturing sector and acts as an leading indicator for the whole economy. The PMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for the following five indicators and their weight: New orders - 0.3, Output - 0.25 , Employment - 0.2, Suppliers delivery times - 0.15 and Stock of items purchased - 0.1 with the Delivery times index inverted so that it moves in a comparable direction. When PMI is below 50.0 this indicates that the manufacturing economy is declining and a value above 50.0 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing economy. The individual survey indexes have been seasonally adjusted using the US Bureau of Census X-11 programme. The seasonally adjusted series are then used to calculate the seasonally adjusted PMI.

The ADP National Employment Report is a measure of the monthly change in non-farm, private employment, based on the payroll data of approximately 400,000 U.S. business clients. The release, two days ahead of government data, is a good predictor of the government's non-farm payroll report. The change in this indicator can be very volatile.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The official reserve assets are assets denominated in foreign currency, readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, intervening in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). They present a very comprehensive picture on a monthly basis of stocks at market price, transactions, foreign exchange and market revaluations and other changes in volume.

Labor Productivity measures the change in labor efficiency of Canadian workers when producing goods and services. Productivity and labor-related inflation are directly linked, a drop in a worker's productivity is equivalent to a rise in their wage. When businesses pay more for labor the higher costs are usually passed on to the consumer.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

Bank of England (BOE) Governor Andrew Bailey (Mar 2020 - Mar 2028) is to speak. As head of the BOE's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) which controls short term interest rates, Bailey has more influence over sterling's value than any other person. Traders scrutinize his public engagements for clues regarding future monetary policy. His comments may spark a short-term positive or negative trend.

This economic calendar event focuses on a speech given by Bank of England (BoE) Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) member Dr. Huw Pill. As a key policymaker within the BoE, Pill's remarks often provide valuable insights into the current state of the UK economy, as well as future monetary policy direction.

Traders and investors closely monitor these speeches, as they can influence market sentiment and generate potential market-moving impacts. Dr. Pill's public appearances may provide hints on crucial decisions such as interest rate adjustments and quantitative easing measures, based on the BoE's assessment of economic conditions.

Since the MPC is responsible for setting the interest rate that affects the cost of borrowing and saving in the UK, the speeches of its members like Dr. Pill can have a significant impact on the British pound and other UK financial assets.

The S&P Global Composite PMI (Purchasing Managers' Index) is an economic calendar event that provides a comprehensive, forward-looking insight into the performance of the global economy. This event measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the private sector across various industries, including manufacturing and services. The data is collected through surveys conducted by IHS Markit, a leading provider of global market and economic information.

A PMI reading above 50 indicates expansion in the surveyed business sector, while a reading below 50 signifies contraction. The index is widely regarded as a reliable barometer of global economic health, as it offers a timely and accurate assessment of business conditions and purchasing trends. Investors, policymakers, and analysts closely monitor this event to gauge the overall strength of the economy and predict future growth patterns.

The Service PMI release is published monthly by Markit Economics. The data are based on surveys of over 400 executives in private sector service companies. The surveys cover transport and communication, financial intermediaries, business and personal services, computing & IT, hotels and restaurants. 

An index level of 50 denotes no change since the previous month, while a level above 50 signals an improvement, and below 50 indicates a deterioration. A reading that is stronger than forecast is generally supportive (bullish) for the USD, while a weaker than forecast reading is generally negative (bearish) for the USD.

New orders measure the value of orders received in a given period of time. They are legally binding contracts between a consumer and a producer for delivering goods and services. New orders indicate future industrial output and production requirements.The Manufacturers Shipments, Inventories, and Orders (M3) survey provides broad-based, monthly statistical data on economic conditions in the domestic manufacturing sector. There are 89 separately tabulated industry categories in the M3 survey. These categories are groupings of the 473 manufacturing industries as defined in the 1997 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Manual. The monthly M3 estimates are based on information obtained from most manufacturing companies with $500 million or more in annual shipments. In order to strengthen the sample coverage in individual industry categories, the survey includes selected smaller companies. Value of Shipments - The value of shipments data in the M3 survey represents net selling values, f.o.b. plant, after discounts and allowances and excluding freight charges and excise taxes.

The Durables Excluding Transport event is an important economic indicator that measures the change in the total value of new purchase orders placed with manufacturers for durable goods, excluding transportation items. Durable goods are products that have a lifespan of three years or more, such as machinery, equipment, vehicles, and electronics.

This event provides insights into manufacturing activity and consumer demand for long-lasting goods. Since transportation items, such as aircraft and automobiles, can cause significant volatility in the data due to their high ticket prices and fluctuating demand, excluding these items gives a clearer picture of the overall health of the durable goods manufacturing sector.

Higher values for Durables Excluding Transport indicate increased demand for durable goods and signal potential growth in manufacturing and economic activity. Conversely, lower values may suggest decreased demand and a slowdown in the economy. Investors and policymakers closely monitor this indicator as it influences investment strategies and guides monetary policy decisions.

Factory Orders measures the change in the total value of new purchase orders placed with manufacturers. The report also includes a revision of the Durable Goods Orders data released about a week earlier as well as data new data on non-durable goods orders.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Factory Orders measures the change in the total value of new purchase orders placed with manufacturers, but excluding all orders related to the transportation industry. The report also includes a revision of the Durable Goods Orders data released about a week earlier as well as data new data on non-durable goods orders. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questions asked of more than 370 purchasing and supply executives in over 62 different industries representing nine divisions from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) categories. Membership of the Business Survey Committee is diversified by SIC category and is based on each industry's contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Survey responses reflect the change, if any, in the current month compared to the previous month. For each of the indicators measured (Business Activity, New Orders, Backlog of Orders, New Export Orders, Inventory Change, Inventory Sentiment, Imports, Prices, Employment, and Supplier Deliveries), this report shows the percentage reporting each response, the net difference between the number of responses in the positive economic direction (higher and slower for Supplier Deliveries) and the negative economic direction (lower and faster for Supplier Deliveries). Responses represent raw data and are never changed. Data is seasonally adjusted for Business Activity, New Orders, Imports, and Employment. The remaining indexes have not indicated significant seasonality.

The Institute of Supply Management (ISM) Non-Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) (also known as the ISM Services PMI) report on Business, a composite index is calculated as an indicator of the overall economic condition for the non-manufacturing sector. The NMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for four of the indicators with equal weights: Business Activity (seasonally adjusted), New Orders (seasonally adjusted), Employment (seasonally adjusted) and Supplier Deliveries.

A reading above 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector economy is generally expanding; below 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector is generally contracting. The Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questions asked of more than 370 purchasing and supply executives in over 62 different industries representing nine divisions from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) categories. Membership of the Business Survey Committee is diversified by SIC category and is based on each industry contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Institute of Supply Management (ISM) Non-Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) (also known as the ISM Services PMI) report on Business, a composite index is calculated as an indicator of the overall economic condition for the non-manufacturing sector. The NMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for four of the indicators with equal weights: Business Activity (seasonally adjusted), New Orders (seasonally adjusted), Employment (seasonally adjusted) and Supplier Deliveries.

A reading above 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector economy is generally expanding; below 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector is generally contracting. The Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questions asked of more than 370 purchasing and supply executives in over 62 different industries representing nine divisions from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) categories. Membership of the Business Survey Committee is diversified by SIC category and is based on each industry contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Institute of Supply Management (ISM) Non-Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) (also known as the ISM Services PMI) report on Business, a composite index is calculated as an indicator of the overall economic condition for the non-manufacturing sector. The NMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for four of the indicators with equal weights: Business Activity (seasonally adjusted), New Orders (seasonally adjusted), Employment (seasonally adjusted) and Supplier Deliveries.

A reading above 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector economy is generally expanding; below 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector is generally contracting. The Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questions asked of more than 370 purchasing and supply executives in over 62 different industries representing nine divisions from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) categories. Membership of the Business Survey Committee is diversified by SIC category and is based on each industry contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Institute of Supply Management (ISM) Non-Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) (also known as the ISM Services PMI) report on Business, a composite index is calculated as an indicator of the overall economic condition for the non-manufacturing sector. The NMI is a composite index based on the diffusion indexes for four of the indicators with equal weights: Business Activity (seasonally adjusted), New Orders (seasonally adjusted), Employment (seasonally adjusted) and Supplier Deliveries.

A reading above 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector economy is generally expanding; below 50 percent indicates the non-manufacturing sector is generally contracting. The Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business is based on data compiled from monthly replies to questions asked of more than 370 purchasing and supply executives in over 62 different industries representing nine divisions from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) categories. Membership of the Business Survey Committee is diversified by SIC category and is based on each industry contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Total Vehicle Sales measures the annualized number of new vehicles sold domestically in the reported month. It is an important indicator of consumer spending and is also correlated to consumer confidence.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Crude Oil Inventories measures the weekly change in the number of barrels of commercial crude oil held by US firms. The level of inventories influences the price of petroleum products, which can have an impact on inflation.

If the increase in crude inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in crude is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The EIA Refinery Crude Runs is an economic calendar event that focuses on the weekly report provided by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). This report features data on the total volume of crude oil processed within American refineries, also known as crude runs.

An increase in refinery crude runs could indicate higher demand for crude oil, which in turn corresponds to strong economic growth. On the other hand, a decrease in refinery crude runs may signal a possible decline in demand for crude oil or refining capacity, reflecting weakening economic activity. As a result, industry participants and market analysts pay close attention to this data, as it can significantly impact the crude oil market and provide insights into the overall health of the US economy.

Crude Oil Imports is an economic calendar event that highlights the change in the volume of imported crude oil into the United States. This information provides valuable insights into the overall health of the US energy sector and the nation's reliance on foreign oil supplies.

A positive change in the volume of crude oil imports indicates an increasing demand for oil, which could be driven by factors such as economic growth and rising industrial activity. Conversely, a decrease in crude oil imports may suggest a decline in demand or an increase in domestic oil production. This data can have a significant impact on the oil market and the value of the US dollar, as well as influencing the decisions of policymakers and investors.

Crude Oil Imports is typically monitored by energy market participants, economists, and policymakers, as it can provide useful insights into the dynamics of the energy market and potential shifts in global market trends. The data is released by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) on a weekly basis, and it is widely regarded as a key indicator of the US energy market's performance.

Change in the number of barrels of crude oil held in storage at the Cushing, Oklahoma during the past week. Storage levels at Cushing are important because it serves as the delivery point for the U.S. crude oil benchmark, West Texas Intermediate.

Distillate Fuel Production is an important economic indicator that provides insight into the overall energy production and demand in the United States. Distillate fuels, such as diesel and heating oil, are commonly used for a variety of purposes, including transportation, heating, and industrial processes. This data is closely monitored by both investors and policymakers as a measure of the health of the energy sector and the overall economy.

Increased distillate fuel production can result from rising demand due to economic growth, seasonal factors, or changes in energy policies. Conversely, decreased production can reflect weakening demand or supply disruptions. This indicator's fluctuations may impact the prices of distillate fuels, which in turn can affect consumer spending, inflation, and trade balances.

Distillate Fuel Production figures are typically released on a weekly basis by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), providing updated and relevant data for traders, investors, and businesses alike. Understanding the trends and patterns in this data can help inform decision-making processes and investment strategies.

The Energy Information Administration reports inventory levels of US crude oil, gasoline and distillates stocks. The figure shows how much oil and product is available in storage. The indicator gives an overview of US petroleum demand.

Gasoline Production is a significant economic calendar event that pertains to the United States. It indicates the volume of gasoline manufactured domestically on a weekly basis. The data is collected and published by the Energy Information Administration (EIA).

As gasoline is a key component in fueling the transportation sector, its production levels have a notable impact on energy prices, supply chains, and consequently, the overall economy. When gasoline production increases, it reflects positively on the industrial sector's performance and serves as an indicator of economic growth.

However, high gasoline production levels may also lead to an oversupply in the market, causing prices to drop. Investors and analysts track the Gasoline Production report to make informed decisions regarding the energy and transportation sectors' performance and predict the potential implications on the general economy.

Heating Oil Stockpiles is an economic calendar event that provides insights into the United States' current inventory levels of distillate fuel oil, which is primarily used for home heating purposes. These stockpiles are essentially reserves of heating oil that are stored, produced, and supplied to meet the country's demand during cold months and fluctuating market conditions.

Tracking heating oil stockpile trends can help investors gauge the overall health of the energy market and anticipate potential price fluctuations in heating oil. Significant changes in the stockpile levels may indicate disparities between supply and demand for the commodity, thus affecting its market price. These data can also provide valuable information about the performance and stability of refining companies, distributors, and other businesses within the oil and gas industry.

This economic calendar event is typically released by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA) on a weekly basis. Investors, traders, and analysts closely monitor these data to formulate strategies and make informed decisions in the energy markets.

The EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates is an important economic calendar event that provides valuable insights into the weekly performance of refineries in the United States. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) releases this report to measure the percentage of available refining capacity that is being utilized by refineries during the specified period.

These utilization rates are critical for market participants, policymakers, and analysts as they offer a clear picture of the state of the refinery sector. Changes in refinery utilization rates may indicate shifts in the overall energy market, including the demand and supply dynamics for crude oil, gasoline, and other petroleum products. Should the rates rise, it may signal increasing demand for fuel or strong economic activity, while declining rates can be a sign of weakening demand or economic slowdown.

Investors, traders and businesses typically use this information to help them make decisions and predictions about the energy market, oil prices, and the overall performance of the economy. Hence, the EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates constitutes a highly significant economic calendar event for the United States.

Gasoline Inventories measures the change in the number of barrels of commercial gasoline held in inventory by commercial firms during the reported week. The data influences the price of gasoline products which affects inflation.

The data has no consistent effect, there are both inflationary and growth implications.

Russian Real Wage Growth is an important economic calendar event that tracks the changes in salaries, adjusted for inflation, in Russia. This indicator takes into account the variation in consumer prices to provide a more accurate picture of salary increases or decreases. Real wage growth is a key measure to assess the overall economic health of the country and plays a crucial role in the wellbeing of citizens.

A positive real wage growth rate shows that the salary increases outpace inflation, allowing citizens to comfortably meet their living expenses and contribute to the growth of the national economy. On the other hand, a negative real wage growth rate implies that salary increments lag behind inflation, limiting the purchasing power of individuals and possibly hampering overall economic development.

As a result, the Russian Real Wage Growth event holds significant interest among investors, policymakers, and market analysts. Higher than expected figures indicate favorable economic conditions, while lower than expected numbers may hint at potential economic challenges or a slowdown.

The Retail Sales is a monthly measurement of all goods sold by retailers based on a sampling of retail stores of different types and sizes in Russia excluding auto. It is an important indicator of consumer spending and also correlated to consumer confidence.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The Unemployment Rate is a measure of the percentage of the total labor force that is unemployed but actively seeking employment and willing to work in Russia.

A high percentage indicates weakness in the labor market. A low percentage is a positive indicator for the labor market in Russia and should be taken as positive for the RUB.

Business Confidence rates the current level of business conditions. It helps to analyze the economic situation in the short term. A rising trend indicates an increase in business investment which may lead to higher levels of output.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The car registrations published by the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA) describe the number of new passenger car registrations in the United Kingdom. If the number increases, this is a sign of increasing consumption. At the same time, British carmakers are earning more money, leading to rising profits. This generally boosts the economy - and vice versa. If car registrations are higher than expected, this usually leads to a rising pound (GBP) exchange rate on the currency markets. Conversely, the pound exchange rate (GBP) falls if new registrations are lower than expected or if expectations are missed.

The Federal Reserve's Beige Book is a report on current economic conditions in each of the 12 Federal districts in the U.S. It gives a picture of economic trends and challenges in the U.S. It is released 8 times a year, 2 weeks before each Federal Open Market Committee meeting. The report is used by the FOMC in their decision on short-term interest rates.

An optimistic outlook should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a pessimistic outlook should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Adrian Orr was appointed Governor of the Reserve Bank of New Zealand on March 27, 2018. The Governor of the Reserve Bank is responsible for New Zealand's currency and operating monetary policy. His public engagements are often used to drop subtle clues regarding future monetary policy.

Foreign exchange reserves are only the foreign currency deposits held by central banks and monetary authorities. The Bank of South Korea operates in the FX markets by buying and selling foreign currency in response to exchange rate movements. The dollars which the Bank is purchasing become part of the Bank's foreign exchange reserves.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

Foreign Bonds Buying number measures the flow from the public sector excluding Bank of Japan. The Net data shows the difference of capital inflow and outflow. A positive difference indicates net sales of foreign securities by residents (capital inflow), and a negative difference indicates net purchases of foreign securities by residents (capital outflow). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Balance of payments is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a balance of payments: - current account - capital account - financial account Either a surplus or a deficit can be shown in any of these components. Balance of payments shows strenghts and weaknesses in a country's economy and therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. The release of a balance of payments can have a significant effect on the exchange rate of a national currency against other currencies. It is also important to investors of domestic companies that depend on exports. Securities investment, contract basis. Securities investment refers to flows from the public sector excluding Bank of Japan. Bonds include beneficiary certificates but exclude all bills. The Net data shows the difference of capital inflow and outflow.